按照常理来判断,你会觉得夏天一定是离太阳最近的时候。事实却正好相反。在每年1月初,地球运行到离太阳最近的位置,叫近日点。在7月初,地球离太阳最远,叫做远日点。既然1月初地球离太阳这么近,为什么我们却感受不到温暖呢?我们国家位于北半球。由于地轴倾斜的原因,在近日点的时候,太阳离地球有多远?,太阳对北半球的日照时间短,因此北半球为冬季,南半球为夏季;在远日点的时候,北半球因日照时间长为夏季,南半球为冬季。走进下面文章,谜底即将揭开!
Leaning Toward Winter
地球到太阳的平均距离是1.5亿公里,而1光年大约是94600亿公里。除一下就是0.0000158623679光年!日地距离,又称太阳距离,指的是日心到地心的直线长度。由于地球绕太阳运行的轨道是个椭圆,太阳位于一个焦点上,所以这个距。
Earth’s tilt causes the cold season
地轴倾斜与冬季的关联
By Ken Croswell,Ph.D. • Art by Josh Lewis
What’s that you say? The weather’s not hot? It’s freezing cold? With snow on the way? Hmm . . . There must be more to winter than our distance from the Sun.
1.496*10⁸ km。地球围绕着太阳公转的轨道并不是一个完美的圆形,而是一个椭圆。因此地球到太阳的距离一直是在发生着变化的。经过科学家的测量,太阳到地球的平均距离是149597870700米,大约距离是1.496亿千米。太阳光。
Indeed there is. As Earth spins,it’s not straight up and down. Instead,it’s tilted. As Earth goes around the Sun,the North Pole always points the same way in space,toward a distant star called the North Star. This tilt of Earth causes the seasons.
During the half of the year we’re in now,the northern half of Earth points away from the Sun. That makes the weather cold for two reasons. First,the time from sunrise to sunset is shorter. So the northern half has fewer hours to soak up heat from the Sun. Second,the Sun doesn’t rise as high in the sky as it does in summer. As a result,winter sunlight is weaker,spread over more area. So even though Earth is closer to the Sun in winter than it is in summer,the planet’s tilt reduces sunlight enough to bring cold weather.
地球到太阳的距离最近为14710万千米,最远为15210万千米。地球绕着太阳公转,每过365.2422日绕行一周。地球运行的轨道为一个“椭圆”,太阳在椭圆的一个焦点上,因此,轨道上就有一点离太阳最近(14710万千米),叫作地球的。
December 21 is the first day of winter. That’s when the northern half of Earth leans the most away from the Sun. But Earth’s northern half started leaning away from the Sun months ago. So wintry weather often arrives long before the official start of winter.
HOW COLD IS YOUR WINTER?
1 COLDEST IN THE U.S.A.
Utqiagvik,Alaska
Average January Temperature: -8°F
Shortest Day (Amount of Daylight): 0 hours
2 COLDEST,CONTINENTAL U.S.A.
International Falls,Minnesota
Average January Temperature: 0°F
按光年算,太阳和地球的距离为0.0000158光年,因为太阳和地球的距离约为1.496亿公里,1光年的距离为9.64万亿公里,两者相除即可得出。根据光的传播速度也可以推算出太阳光到达地球的时间,太阳光传播到地球大概需要500秒左右。
Shortest Day: 8 hours,17 minutes
地球离太阳有1.5亿公里。地球离太阳最远的时候是152,097,701.0公里,地球离太阳最近的时候是147,098,074.0公里,取平均值的话,就是大约为1.5亿公里的样子。
3 WARMEST IN THE U.S.A.
Honolulu,Hawaii
历就是用前一种方法测出地球到太阳的距离的,也是这样算出日地平均距离的,即从地球上发出一束雷达波,打到金星上面,再从金星上反射回来。利用这种方法测出的日地平均距离为149,597,870公里,大约为15,000万公里。太阳的。
Average January Temperature: 76°F
Shortest Day: 10 hours,50 minutes
本文刊登在《英语沙龙》(原版阅读)
2022年12月刊